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How to Calculate Standard Deviation with Example

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Standard deviation is found in statistics which represents the scattering of data about its mean. The measuring of standard deviation also tells the value of dispersion or variation of a given data set around its mean. Taking the square root of the variance of the given data to evaluate the Standard deviation.

The standard deviation is commonly used in various statistical analyses such as hypothesis testing and confidence interval calculations. Also used in the field of finance to measure the profit or volatility of a stock or investment forum.

In this article, we will discuss the definition of standard deviation, steps to find the standard deviation, its application in different fields, and understanding of the concept of the solution of the standard deviation solve example with detailed steps.

What is Standard deviation?

Standard deviation is statistically measured that shows the dispersion and variation amount in the given data value. It measured how the data spread around the mean. The given data points are shown to be more closely separated around the mean if the value is small and are more widely spread if the standard deviation value is very high. It can be represented by the letter “S.D”.

The decimal/numerical value of the standard deviation is evaluated by taking the square root of the variance. The variance can be measured by the average of the squared deviations of each data point from the mean. For this use the specific formula of the standard deviation.

Formula of Standard deviation

The mathematical formula of standard deviation is different according to the size of the data set or the selection of the data points from the randomly distributed data. The mathematical formula for sample/population is stated as:

For sample data:

S = S.D= √ [∑ (xj – x̄) 2/ (N-1)]

For population data:

σ = S.D= √ [∑ (xj – x̄) 2/ (N)]

Where,

  • σ = standard deviation for population data,
  • S = standard deviation for sample data.
  • Σ = sum of the values for all “j”,
  • xj = “jth” value in the given data,
  • N = total number,
  • x̄ = mean value of the dataset.

Steps to find the Standard Deviation

Follow the below steps to evaluate the standard deviation value for any sample/population data set:

Step 1: Evaluate the Mean: First, find the mean (average) of the data set by summing up all the data points and dividing the total by the number of data points.

Step 2: Find the Deviations: Subtract the mean from each data point to find the deviation of the data set and square each deviation value.

Step 3: Evaluate the Variance: For the variance of the dataset now find the average of the squared deviations by summing them up and dividing by the one less number of data points for the sample data set (while for the population dividing it by the number of population).

Step 4: Find Standard Deviation: To find the standard deviation value take the square root of the variance value.

For a better understanding of the above steps follow the below example.

Example section:

In this section, we will solve the example that helps to understand the method to find standard deviation with the formula.

Example: If the statistical data is 12, 5, 4, 10, and 15 then evaluate the standard deviation of the given sample data set.

Solution:

Step 1: Write the above data in the set form carefully.

Dataset = 5, 4, 10, 12, 15, N = 5, S.D =?

To find the standard deviation first find the variance of the given data. For variance, find the mean and square of deviation.

Step 2: Now, Calculate the mean of the given data points by dividing the sum of data points by the number of data set elements.

x̄ = (∑ xj)/N

x̄ = ∑ (5 + 4 + 10 + 12 +15) /5

x̄ = 46/5

x̄ = 9.2

Step 3: Now evaluate the squared differences from the mean to evaluate the variance of the data set.

(5 – 9.2)2 = (-4.2)2 = 17.64

(4 – 9.2)2 = (-5.2)2 = 27.04

(10 – 9.2)2 = (0.8)2 = 0.64

(12 – 9.2)2 = (2.8)2 = 7.64

(15 – 9.2)2 = (5.8)2 = 33.64

Step 4: Now, Find the Variance by taking the sum of all the above values and dividing by the difference of the total number by one.

V = Variance = (17.64 + 27.04 + 0.64 + 7.64 + 33.64) / (5 – 1)

= (86.8) / 4

V = 21.7

Step 5: Now, take the square root of the variance to find the value of the “S.D.”.

S = √21.7 = 4.66

S = 4.66

To overcome this long calculation process, use the Standard Deviation Calculator to make your calculation faster and save your time. This tool provides the solution of standard deviation for both data sets (sample/population) with detailed steps in a single click, quickly and accurately.

Physical Interpretations of Standard Deviation

The physical interpretation of standard deviation depends on the context of the data being analyzed.

  • Measurement Precision: In experimental sciences, the standard deviation represents the measurement precision or the degree of uncertainty associated with the measurements. The small value of the standard deviation indicates the measurements are more precise and consistent and the larger standard deviation shows that there are chances of greater variability and potential errors in the measurements.
  • Statistical Models: In Statistical models, Standard deviation plays a crucial role that helps assess the accuracy or goodness-of-fit of a model to the observed data. In regression analysis, the standard deviation of the residuals (the differences between observed and predicted values) provides insights into the variability of the model’s predictions.

Application of Standard Deviation:

  • Finance: It is commonly used to measure the risk of a particular stock or portfolio. It helps the investors to understand the potential risk and percentage of return of their investments.
  • Quality control: In a manufacturing company, the standard deviation is used to measure the consistency/quality of a product. A lower standard deviation determines that the product is good and on the other hand a higher value of standard deviation shows that the product is not suitable for use.
  • Statistical research: Standard deviation is used to measure the dispersion or variation of data in experimental research. It helps researchers to understand whether finding results are statistically significant or not.

Summary:

In this article, we explained the basic definition and formula of standard deviation for sample and population data sets. Also discussed the applications of standard deviation in different fields of science and statistics. For a better understanding of the calculation of standard deviation, I solved a detailed example using the variance with the detailed steps.

The example helps to understand the calculation method and find its value easily. I hope by the proofreading of this article everyone can solve the related problem easily.

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How to Use a BBA+MBA Degree for International Opportunities

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Education is the main force shaping professional life’s foundation in the rapidly changing world economy. Among the diverse range of educational options available, the BBA stands out as a prominent choice, followed by the MBA course that builds mastery of the foundation provided by the BBA. Colleges that facilitate “BBA + MBA integrated course” are also the most searched term among 12th-pass students, as this dual-degree program majorly focuses on core business principles, allowing its students to lay the foundation of business ideas. In addition, it encourages students to be equipped with the skill sets needed for strategic management and leadership, besides knowledge of global business practices.

The vision of the BBA-MBA pathway is to provide continuity between an undergraduate student’s graduation and the beginning of a postgraduate experience, permitting the development of skills learned during the BBA. Upon completing an MBA course, students can successfully engage in complex business issues and participate in strategic organisational decision-making while contributing to the organisation’s success. Adapting to a culture, economy, and regulatory environment that might be entirely different becomes essential.

A dynamic change in markets has increased the need for professionals with the skills and understanding to manage a business across borders. Equipping students with the skills and knowledge to perform beyond limits makes a BBA+MBA profitable for multinational corporations, international organisations, and global startups in various roles.

This fact is further supported by the fact that the global reach for a BBA + MBA course is still expanded by the exposure to multiple perspectives acquired while pursuing the course. Also, the average salary in India is comparatively higher than other courses. This course provides specialised inputs in international finance, global marketing, cross-cultural management, and international trade. Such courses aim to give the much-needed depth of operation details in a worldwide market and enrich learners with competencies in gaining competitive advantage in diverse and dynamic business environments.

Critical Operations Learned from a BBA+MBA Program

It nourishes students with a wide array of skills required for the essential international business forum. They include technical, portfolio, critical thinking, problem-solving, communication, and leadership skills. Primary skills developed for the students via the BBA + MBA program are:

  • Cross-Cultural Communication: Various aspects worldwide include different cultures, and communicating with people with different cultural backgrounds is a critical skill. BBA+ MBA programs also help students develop different cultural perspectives.

  • Strategic Management: An enterprise in today’s global environment demands a strategic approach. The students of BBA+MBA learn how to formulate and execute strategies that align with the organization’s vision and mission and consider various fluctuations in several countries.

  • Leadership and Team Management: Leadership is essential in managing teams in a global business environment. The BBA+MBA course equips students with vital leadership skills, enabling them to inspire and enthuse teams across cultures and time zones.

  • Problem-Solving and Critical Thinking: In any business, thinking critically and tackling complex problems through analytical reasoning is essential. It has been considered a prerequisite for any business to be successful in the present world. It means challenging the students to think innovatively and creatively to develop new solutions to business problems.

Various Career Options After the BBA + MBA Integrated Course

This dual program will take a BBA plus MBA pass-out very far in one’s career and unlock several career opportunities in various national and international domains. With a valuable understanding of the basics of business and advanced management capabilities developed through this dual-degree course, students can grow as useful resources to be used in management units from different sectors.

  • Global Finance Analyst: This type of financial analyst analyzes trends using worldwide financial data to assist an organisation in making decisions about investment, merger, and acquisition in international markets. This also ensures that the average salary in India is higher than in other courses. This requires a deep understanding of global financial markets and the ability to do risk assessments to determine potential opportunities.

  • Management Consultant: Management consultants work to bring about changes within the company to make it better, more efficient, and strategic. This course facilitates a good package globally, as it concerns advising companies operating in multiple countries to cope with challenges while complying with different regulatory environments.

  • Operation Managers: An operations manager is supposed to run production and provide any product or offering that an organization brings to the market. In these operations, they oversee supply chains, logistics, and production processes across countries to run such operations smoothly.

  • Entrepreneurs: A BBA + MBA will help you stay ahead of the world with a good salary in India. It also efficiently intervenes in novel situations to mobilise essential resources and lead a team of high-achievers in the global arena. This degree empowers and provides expertise for identifying various opportunity roles, assessing attendant risks, and developing strategies amidst fierce competition and highly dynamic environments.

Why do you choose NIET for your BBA+MBA integrated course pathway?

NIET is an excellent option if you are looking for the BBA+MBA integrated course colleges list or a 5-year integrated MBA top college. NIET offers a fully integrated BBA + MBA program that prepares students to face the challenges of the global business environment. The curriculum combines international case studies, internships, and exchange programs to prepare an NIET graduate for global market challenges.

The key focus areas in NIET are experiential learning, industry exposure, and the development of the mind at large. One is supported by an infrastructural setup that is one of the finest, with highly qualified faculty members. The pleasant academic environment helps bridge the gap between ‘theory’ and ‘practice’, as it is challenging and promotes innovation and creativity. Students at NIET gain access to a broad spectrum of resources and opportunities, like guest lectures by dignitaries from the industry, workshops, and various networking events for overall professional development. This makes NIET one of the top five-year integrated MBA colleges.

Furthermore, high placement support and strong industry networks have placed the graduating class well in profitable careers in chosen work areas. Their commitment to excellence within an institute and constant focus on aligning students with the global business scenario make this reason correct for pursuing a BBA+MBA program.

Conclusion

BBA + MBA is one remarkable step that would open up diverse opportunities worldwide for successful careers. One should also associate oneself with an institution that provides you with the correct initiative, knowledge, and skills that will rightfully excel at the top of the global business arena when you carry NIET as a brand with you. A NIET BBA + MBA forms a basis for dreams ranging from a multinational giant or a self-driven global startup to a leadership role in any international organisation.



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MICA Strategic Brand Management and Communications Programme: Transform your branding expertise

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Brand management and communications are vital as they shape a brand’s identity and public perception. Regardless of industry, standing out requires more than a great product and that’s where branding plays an important role. Effective communication ensures consistent messaging across all platforms, enhancing brand recognition and loyalty. This is crucial for gaining a competitive edge, attracting customers, and maintaining relevance in a dynamic industry environment. Thus, brand management goes beyond creating an identity; it builds trust and loyalty, helping businesses stand out and attract devoted customers. Building future-ready brand managers requires a deep understanding of strategic brand management and communications, ensuring adaptability, innovation and alignment with evolving market dynamics.

Master brand strategy, boost your career with expert-led insights in MICA's Brand Management Programme.
Master brand strategy, boost your career with expert-led insights in MICA’s Brand Management Programme.

This specialised field is vital in today’s competitive business environment. As per a recent study by GaggleAMP, an employee advocacy and social media management platform, 74% of consumers trust brands that deliver high-quality products and services. Brand manager is a lucrative career profile. As per GlassDoor India, (GlassDoor is one of the world’s largest job and recruiting sites), the average base pay of a brand manager in India in 2024 is 13.6L per year.

Overview

MICA’s Strategic Brand Management and Communications Programme is a standout course, geared to prepare future brand managers with in-depth knowledge of the field, latest trends and best practices. This MICA programme teaches professionals to build brands, launch mission-critical products, and acquire new customers. With a creative approach and strategic placement, it covers essential marketing, branding, and communication strategies effective in both stable and crisis times. Learn to formulate and implement successful brand strategies, think critically, and recalibrate methods to persuade and connect with customers.

Here’s a peak at the course content that can give professionals an idea on what the programme is about – introduction to brand and brand building, brand image and brand personality, brand identity and brand positioning, brand loyalty, brand equity and brand value, portfolio management, brand extension, brand licensing, brand repositioning, revitalisation, and rebranding, co-branding, digital branding, luxury branding, integrated marketing communication (IMC), brand building and communication, fundamentals of public relations, stakeholder management, crisis communication among other modules.

This comprehensive programme ensures a dynamic, interactive, and in-depth learning experience, preparing professionals for strategic brand management and communications in various industries. Here are some of its salient features.

Pre-recorded lectures: 26 hours of video lectures

Assessments: 30+ quizzes

Engagement: 15+ discussion boards

Live learning: Live masterclass by MICA faculty, Weekly live sessions with programme leaders

Projects: Capstone project, Brand management and advertising project and PR project

Additional benefits: Executive alumni status, Optional campus immersion at the end of the programme

Learning experience

Flexible learning: Adaptable to your schedule

Cohort-based learning: Collaborative environment with peers

Expert faculty: Globally renowned educators

Case studies: Gain comprehensive real-world insights through multiple case studies on brand management and communication

Programme Takeaways

So, what does a professional gain by undertaking this programme? Let’s delve into it in greater detail. A participant develops effective integrated communication strategies, essential brand management metrics and learns to position a brand effectively. The programme helps explore key brand communication channels and fundamental brand elements crucial for brand success. Professionals learn about contemporary and future trends in branding and public relations for brand evolution. Participants learn stakeholder management and brand portfolio strategies and acquire skills to craft a successful brand strategy and activate it in competitive markets. Students also gain insights into public relations facets and crisis management phases, understanding their interconnections.

Starts on: September 30, 2024

Duration: 28 Weeks

Programme Fee: 99,000

Eligibility: Any Graduate/Diploma Holders

Emphasising the significance of the branding function in organisations, Anita Basalingappa, Professor of Marketing, MICA, says, “Emphasising the significance of the branding function in organizations, Anita Basalingappa, Professor of Marketing, MICA, says, “Brand Management has become a cross-functional responsibility. In today’s era of instant information and pervasive influence, effective brand management is crucial. Our collaboration with Emeritus for this program addresses the importance of staying abreast with contemporary strategies in an ever-connected world.”

About MICA

Established in 1991, MICA is dedicated to creating leadership in Strategic Marketing and Communication. MICA, an autonomous, non-profit institution, offers a wide range of academic programmes including residential and online programmes.

MICA’s spirit lies in its grasping of contemporary trends and sensibilities, addressing the needs of an ever-changing environment. The MICA brand assures effective delivery of Strategic Marketing and Communication solutions to the industry, government, and community.

Today, it is the alma mater of professionals serving in leadership positions in some of the best-known companies in India and the world in marketing, brand management, research & analytics, advertising, media, digital, and other related businesses.

About Emeritus

Emeritus is committed to teaching the skills of the future by making high-quality education accessible and affordable to individuals, organisations, and governments worldwide. It does this by collaborating with more than 80 top-tier universities across the United States, Europe, Latin America, Southeast Asia, India, and China. Emeritus’ short courses, degree programmes, professional certificates, and senior executive programs help individuals learn new skills and transform their lives, companies, and organisations. Its unique model of state-of-the-art technology; curriculum innovation; and hands-on instruction from senior faculty, mentors, and coaches has educated more than 350,000 individuals across 80+ countries.

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NEET PG 2024 scorecard expected tomorrow on natboard.edu.in, counselling next

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NEET PG Result 2024: The National Board of Examinations in Medical Sciences (NBEMS) is expected to share the scorecards of NEET PG 2024 tomorrow, August 30. When released, candidates can download it from natboard.ecu.in and nbe.edu.in.

NEET PG 2024 scorecards expected tomorrow on natboard.edu.in (Representational image)(Unsplash)
NEET PG 2024 scorecards expected tomorrow on natboard.edu.in (Representational image)(Unsplash)

“Individual scorecard of the candidates who appeared in NEET-PG 2024 can be downloaded from the website https://nbe.edu.in/ on/after 30th August, 2024,” NBEMS said in the NEET PG result notification.

The entrance test for admission to MD, MS, DNB and Diploma courses was held on August 11 in two shifts. The result was announced on August 23.

Also read: NEET PG Result 2024: Chandigarh doctor tops NBEMS NEET exam, scores 100 percentile

On the result day, the board only shared the candidates’ percentile scores and NEET PG ranks. Individual scorecards containing detailed information about candidates’ performance will be shared next.

After the scorecards are published, the counselling process for postgraduate admissions will begin. For all India quota seats, the counselling will be held by the Medical Counselling Committee (MCC) on mcc.nic.in. State quota NEET PG counselling will be done by the respective state authorities.

“The merit position for All India 50% quota seats shall be declared separately. The final merit list/category wise merit list for State quota seats shall be generated by the States/UT as per their qualifying/eligibility criteria, applicable guidelines/regulations & reservation policy,” NBEMS said in the result notification.

Also read: Tricity doctor tops country in NEET PG examination

It informed that all questions asked in the test were reviewed by the subject matter experts from the concerned specialities to recheck for technical correctness.

As per the inputs from the subject matter experts, no question was found to be technically incorrect, it added.

How to download NEET PG 2024 scorecards

Go to natboard.edu.in or nbe.edu.in.

Open the NEET PG 2024 tab.

Open the scorecard download link.

Provide your login details to check and download the scorecard.

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CBSE & NCB together organise “Say No to Drugs and Yes to Life” campaign in Delhi | Education

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The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) along with the Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB), organised the “Say No to Drugs and Yes to Life” campaign at Modern School, Vasant Vihar, New Delhi.

Students, parents and teaching fraternity attended the program in offline mode as well as via live streaming on the CBSE YouTube channel.
Students, parents and teaching fraternity attended the program in offline mode as well as via live streaming on the CBSE YouTube channel.

The campaign was organised to raise awareness among the students about drug abuse and also to promote a healthier, drug-free lifestyle.

Himanshu Gupta, Secretary, CBSE, Neeraj Kumar Gupta, Deputy Director General, Narcotics Control Bureau, N Mrinal, Additional Director, NCB, Vibha Khosla, Principal, Modern School, Vasant Vihar, New Delhi and other senior dignitaries attended the campaign and highlighted the importance of combating substance abuse.

Also Read: CBSE student with learning disabilities scores 97% in Class 10 exams, proves where there is a will, there’s a way

Students, parents and teaching fraternity attended the program in offline mode as well as via live streaming on the CBSE YouTube channel. The campaign saw the participation of more than 7000 students and attendees were engaged in presentations and interactive sessions that explained the causes, effects, and prevention strategies regarding drug abuse. Queries were resolved through an interactive question-and-answer session.

“ The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, enacted in 1985, is India’s main legal framework for combating drug abuse and illegal trafficking. It imposes strict penalties, including life imprisonment or the death penalty for severe offenses involving large quantities of drugs. Additionally, the Act promotes the treatment and rehabilitation of drug-dependent individuals. The Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) enforces the Act, coordinating with various agencies, and classifies penalties based on the quantities involved—small, intermediate, and commercial. Special provisions also allow for the forfeiture of properties linked to drug trafficking, while the PITNDPS includes stringent measures for detaining individuals to prevent illicit drug trade. The penalties vary vis a vis offences covered under various sections of this Act,” informed the official press release.

The Board has plans to sign an MoU with NCB to promote awareness of drug abuse in all the CBSE-affiliated schools, informed CBSE.

Also Read: CBSE, ISTM join forces to launch 2-day ‘Training of Trainers’ certification course for teachers and heads

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The Education Exchange: The End is Nigh for ESSER Funds. What Comes Next?

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The Education Exchange: The End is Nigh for ESSER Funds. What Comes Next? – Education Next












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Australian institutions tackle caps as VET providers await details

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Following the Australian government’s announcement on National Planning Levels for 2025, which outlined overall allocations by provider type, individual universities received specific limits on new international student commencements for the calendar year.

Given the complex methodology involved, many institutions are carefully evaluating how these indicative numbers will impact their operations before releasing the figures.

Maragret Sheil, vice-chancellor of Queensland University of Technology, appeared on ABC News on the day the government’s announcement was made.

Although Sheil appeared in her role as Universities Australia deputy chair, she chose to give details on QUT’s individual 2025 allocation for new international student commencements – which she said is around 10% less than the institution’s 2023 figure.

“It’s hard. It’s a complicated formula, but it’s for us about 10%,” explained Sheil, who said that a bigger concern is that the institution previously had plans to grow its international cohort.

“So we’ve invested in engineering, which is in huge demand internationally and [what] we are really strong at, and we started to form the partnerships and the arrangements to grow that because we’ve historically had a low percentage, so we are only around 15% international.

“It’s really impacted on our future growth, but also the investments that we are making in some of those areas, we’ll have to either scale back or do something differently.”

It is understood that VET providers, expected to be hit even harder than public institutions, will wait longer for details.

“Subject to passage and Royal Assent of the ESOS Bill, the department will write to providers again to provide international student allocations for 2025, and further information about the VET sector distribution methodology,” read a DEWR statement.

While some have suggested that TAFEs could benefit from the caps, given the government’s decision to align them with 2023 commencement levels, Timothy Gilbert, vice president international at Melbourne Polytechnic, explained to The PIE News why this isn’t true for all institutions.

“The government has previously indicated their aim was bringing international student commencements back to 2019 levels,” said Gilbert.

“For most Victorian TAFEs, applying 2019 student numbers for TAFE 2025 caps would have been far fairer and support the viability of international education in TAFE.

“By contrast, in 2023 our international student higher education commencements were less than half what they were in 2019,” he continued.

“The media has painted a picture that TAFE are fairing well out of the caps, getting around 100% of our 2023 numbers for 2025, but the reality is that using 2023 as the baseline is particularly harmful for TAFE. It restricts us to -50% of our pre-Covid levels.”

Meanwhile, a spokesperson for the University of Sydney told The PIE it had received correspondence from the government and will now “carefully work through the detail to assess the likely impact on [its] core operations of education and research, and [its] community”.

“We’ll continue to work collaboratively with governments and the sector on managed growth of international higher education, one of Australia’s most valuable exports,” they continued.

A spokesperson for the University of Queensland said the government’s announcement “provides the clarity” it has been seeking for 2025.

“Over the coming days we will work through the detail and look forward to meeting with the department early next month to finalise our International Student Profile,” it added.

“The government’s proposed legislation will help maintain the quality and integrity of Australia’s international higher education sector, which is worth $48 billion to Australia’s economy.”

Meanwhile, the University of New South Wales continues to advocate against the caps, with a spokesperson saying the institution is “deeply disappointed” with the federal government’s proposed cuts to the 2025 international student numbers for Australian universities.

“We are concerned about the detrimental impact this will have on the experience of all students, domestic and international alike,” it said.

We are concerned about the detrimental impact this will have on the experience of all students, domestic and international alike

University of New South Wales spokesperson

“While it is pleasing that the government aims to correct the damage caused by the poor implementation of visa controls at the start of 2024, that can’t be the sole policy basis for deeper and more entrenched cuts.

“The proposed cuts would significantly damage the economy, the world-class Australian higher education sector and Australia’s reputation, and would reduce domestic student opportunities as well as the diverse perspectives international students contribute.”

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Just 29% of families say the updated FAFSA was easier to complete, survey finds

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Dive Brief:

  • Delays and technical glitches during the rollout of the updated Free Application for Federal Student Aid caused challenges and stress for many families seeking financial aid, a new survey from Sallie Mae and Ipsos found.
  • Just 29% of polled families found the updated form easier to complete than the older version. Yet respondents indicated that financial aid matters when selecting where to enroll, with 36% of students saying the scholarships and financial aid they receive play a role in their ultimate decision.
  • “That confusion, those delays had an impact on students and families,” said Rick Castellano, vice president of corporate communications at Sallie Mae. “Those who are disproportionately hurt the most are those who would probably be most eligible for support.”

Dive Insight:

Despite the high sticker price of college, the survey of 1,000 undergraduate students and 1,000 parents, conducted from April 8 to May 14, suggested that families still believe in the value of higher education.

Among respondents, 88% agreed that college is still an investment in a student’s future and 86% said they believe earning a degree will create opportunities they wouldn’t be able to reach otherwise.

And they’re willing to shell out big money for higher education. In the survey, 79% of students and parents said they’d stretch themselves financially to get those opportunities.

But the cost of attending is still a big factor, as many look at the price of attending a college and the amount they will receive in scholarships and financial aid when deciding where they would like to attend.

Moreover, sticker shock is common, Castellano said, even when the cost of attending is actually less than advertised.

Families need “more clarity around the cost of college, greater transparency in federal lending programs, especially in borrowing,” said Castellano. Families and students also need to be better connected “to scholarships and grants to make sure they are accessing free money first, before borrowing,” he added.

The botched FAFSA rollout did not help the situation. Thirty-eight percent found older versions of the FAFSA form easier to complete, while 33% found no difference in the amount of effort needed to complete them.

The issues have taken a toll.

Nearly half of families who filled out 2024-2025 FAFSA forms reported experiencing delays in receiving a financial aid offer from their higher ed institution. Among those who experienced a delay, 44% reported feeling stress from waiting for the aid decision, 30% reached out to the college for additional information, and 14% considered attending a lower cost institution.

It also forced many families to explore higher ed financing options beyond the FAFSA: 26% looked for other scholarship opportunities and 21% sought additional financial aid options.

And for some, the delays prompted students to rethink their current pursuit of higher education: 11% considered leaving college or taking a break. Nine percent actually did leave higher education or take a break.

Further delays are anticipated during the next academic year. The U.S. Department of Education announced earlier this month that FAFSA forms for the 2025- 2026 academic year won’t be fully available until Dec. 1.

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